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There are two approved vaccines to prevent HPV infection and there are two major virus strains that cause cancer. Gardasil was the first to be approved for use by women and girls aged 9 to 26 years. Valid only if you have not yet been infected with HPV.
Because the only vaccine test for girls under 12 years was an immune response, it is unclear whether the vaccine is actually effective in that age group. Actual clinical trials were conducted on women aged 16 to 26 years. The drug was approved in June 2006, but the endpoint of the first phase 3 trial was not reported until May 2007! Although the vaccine has been shown to prevent cervical lesions, it is unclear whether it actually prevents cervical cancer.
I don't know how long the vaccine immunizes. Will life be long? Otherwise, vaccination is not as cost effective as cervical cancer screening. It is well known that most infected women infected with HPV remove the virus within two years with normal immune function.
Another important point is what happens if you eliminate the two main viruses that cause cancer. Earlier reports have shown that other strains that also infect humans may become carcinogenic in women vaccinated. So far, this vaccine has not proved effective against men.
A recent report analyzed the scenarios that must occur to increase the cost effectiveness of vaccines. The purpose of developing a mathematical model is to determine whether this is a cost-effective way to treat a disease when it is not known how long it will be effective and possibly harmful. Helping the decision. Currently used models are life-long immunity [no booster required], 9-12 year old women have the same effect as older women, other HPV strains do not cause problems, and all vaccinated women It is assumed that you will participate in screening for cervical cancer before vaccination. This set of assumptions [and not all of them] has been described as "totally optimistic" by an author. In other words, all assumptions need to occur in order to be worth the cost of vaccination.
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